Skip to main content
Landing Pages / Profile
Photo of  Benjamin Kinnear, MD

Benjamin Kinnear, MD

Associate Professor Educator-Affiliate

Pediatrics | College of Medicine

Education/Credentials
  • Master of Medical Education: University of Cincinnati
  • Residency: University of Cincinnati (Medicine Pediatrics- Chief Resident )
  • House Staff Officer: University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center
  • Medical Degree: University of Missouri (Junior AOA)
  • Bachelor's Degree: Saint Louis University (Major: Chemistry Minors: Theology, Biology, Spanish summa cum laude)
Board Certifications & Licenses

American Board of Internal Medicine (Certification Date: 2013-08-19)
American Board of Pediatrics (Certification Date: 2013-10-24)

Contact Information
Research Interests

Benjamin has a strong interest in Medical Education, specifically in the areas of competency-based assessment, evidence-based learning, and coaching.  He also has an interest in using point of care ultrasound for general inpatient Medicine and Pediatrics. Benjamin is pursuing his PhD in Health Professions Education through Maastricht University where his work focuses on validity and argumentaiton theory. He serves as deputy editor for Journal of Hospital Medicine and is a member of the International ...

Clinical Interests

Internal Medicine

Pediatrics

Peer Reviewed Publications

Carmichael, Harris; Kinnear, Benjamin 2024. Shifting boundaries: The evolution of hospital medicine. Journal of hospital medicine, 19 6, 545-546

Kelleher, Matthew; Kinnear, Benjamin; Weber, Danielle E; Knopp, Michelle I; Schumacher, Daniel; Warm, Eric 2024. Point/counterpoint: Should we stop writing and reading letters of recommendation for residency selection? Journal of hospital medicine, 19 9, 858-862

Kinnear, Benjamin; Beck, Jimmy; Schumacher, Daniel J; Zhou, Christine; Balmer, Dorene 2024. Building a Solid House of Scholarship: The Importance of Foundational Worldviews. Hospital pediatrics, 14 3, e189-e193

Kinnear, Benjamin; Martini, Abigail; Varpio, Lara; Driessen, Erik W; Schumacher, Daniel J 2024. How do validity experts conceptualise argumentation? It's a rhetorical question. Medical education, 58 8, 989-997

Kinnear, Benjamin; Santen, Sally A; Schumacher, Daniel J; Kelleher, Matthew; Awosika, Bi; Edje, Louito; Warm, Eric J 2024. Using Theory-Informed Group Processes to Make TIMELESS Promotion Decisions. Academic medicine : journal of the Association of American Medical Colleges, 99 1, 28-34

Kinnear, Benjamin; Schumacher, Daniel J 2024. What the hell is water? Changing medical education's ideology through validity. Medical education, 58 3, 274-276

Schumacher, Daniel J; Gielissen, Katherine; Kinnear, Benjamin 2024. Competency-based medical education: Connecting training outcomes to patient care. Current problems in pediatric and adolescent health care, , 101675

Schumacher, Daniel J; Kinnear, Benjamin; Carraccio, Carol; Holmboe, Eric; Busari, Jamiu O; van der Vleuten, Cees; Lingard, Lorelei 2024. Competency-based medical education: The spark to ignite healthcare's escape fire. Medical teacher, 46 1, 140-146

Schumacher, Daniel J; Martini, Abigail; Michelson, Catherine; Turner, David A; Winn, Ariel S; Kinnear, Benjamin 2024. A realist evaluation of prospective entrustment decisions in paediatric residency clinical competency committees. Medical education, ,

Schumacher, Daniel J; Michelson, Catherine; Winn, Ariel S; Turner, David A; Martini, Abigail; Kinnear, Benjamin 2024. A realist synthesis of prospective entrustment decision making by entrustment or clinical competency committees. Medical education, 58 7, 812-824

Warm, Eric J; Kinnear, Benjamin; Knopp, Michelle I; Powers-Fletcher, Margaret; Segev, Mati; Willauer, Alexandra; Schauer, Daniel 2024. Ambulatory Long Block: A Model of Precision Education and Assessment for Internal Medicine Residents. Academic medicine : journal of the Association of American Medical Colleges, 99 4S Suppl 1, S57-S63

Anderson, Brownell; Govender, Lynelle; Kinnear, Benjamin; Church, Helen 2023. Really good stuff-May 2023 editorial. Medical education, 57 5, 453-455

Burk-Rafel, Jesse; Sebok-Syer, Stefanie S; Santen, Sally A; Jiang, Joshua; Caretta-Weyer, Holly A; Iturrate, Eduardo; Kelleher, Matthew; Warm, Eric J; Schumacher, Daniel J; Kinnear, Benjamin 2023. TRainee Attributable & Automatable Care Evaluations in Real-time (TRACERs): A Scalable Approach for Linking Education to Patient Care. Perspectives on medical education, 12 1, 149-159

Damari, Nicole; Kinnear, Benjamin 2023. Little words that matter: Advancing LGBTQIA2S+ inclusion in academic writing. Medical education, 57 2, 195

Kinnear, Benjamin; O'Toole, Jennifer 2023. It's time to rethink time (management). Canadian medical education journal, 14 6, 131-132

Kinnear, Benjamin; Santen, Sally A; Kelleher, Matthew; Martini, Abigail; Ferris, Sarah; Edje, Louito; Warm, Eric J; Schumacher, Daniel J 2023. How Does TIMELESS Training Impact Resident Motivation for Learning, Assessment, and Feedback? Evaluating a Competency-Based Time-Variable Training Pilot. Academic medicine : journal of the Association of American Medical Colleges, 98 7, 828-835

Kinnear, Benjamin; Weber, Danielle E; Schumacher, Daniel J; Edje, Louito; Warm, Eric J; Anderson, Hannah L 2023. Reconstructing Neurath's Ship: A Case Study in Reevaluating Equity in a Program of Assessment. Academic medicine : journal of the Association of American Medical Colleges, 98 8S, S50-S56

Knopp, Michelle I; Warm, Eric J; Weber, Danielle; Kelleher, Matthew; Kinnear, Benjamin; Schumacher, Daniel J; Santen, Sally A; Mendonça, Eneida; Turner, Laurah 2023. AI-Enabled Medical Education: Threads of Change, Promising Futures, and Risky Realities Across Four Potential Future Worlds. JMIR medical education, 9 , e50373

Tavares, Walter; Kinnear, Benjamin; Schumacher, Daniel J; Forte, Milena 2023. "Rater training" re-imagined for work-based assessment in medical education. Advances in health sciences education : theory and practice, 28 5, 1697-1709

Vennemeyer, Scott; Kinnear, Benjamin; Gao, Andy; Zhu, Siyi; Nattam, Anunita; Knopp, Michelle I; Warm, Eric; Wu, Danny T Y 2023. User-Centered Evaluation and Design Recommendations for an Internal Medicine Resident Competency Assessment Dashboard. Applied clinical informatics, 14 5, 996-1007

Warm, Eric J; Weber, Danielle; Kinnear, Benjamin 2023. A Eulogy for the Match. Journal of graduate medical education, 15 3, 303-305

Warm, Eric J; Weber, Dannielle; Kinnear, Benjamin 2023. To the Editor: Response to Norris et al. Journal of graduate medical education, 15 6, 758

, 2022. Josiah Macy Jr. Foundation Conference on COVID-19 and the Impact on Medical and Nursing Education: Conference Recommendations Report. Academic medicine : journal of the Association of American Medical Colleges, 97 3S, S3-S11

Herrmann, Lisa E; Jones, Yemisi O; Kinnear, Benjamin; Rule, Amy; Piper, Laura; Shah, Samir S; Klein, Melissa 2022. Development and evaluation of a pediatric hospital medicine board review course. BMC medical education, 22 1, 804

Kinnear, Benjamin; DeCoursey, Bailey; Caya, Teresa; Baez, Javier; Warm, Eric J 2022. Things We Do for No Reason™: Toxic quizzing in medical education. Journal of hospital medicine, 17 6, 481-484

Kinnear, Benjamin; Schumacher, Daniel J; Driessen, Erik W; Varpio, Lara 2022. How argumentation theory can inform assessment validity: A critical review. Medical education, 56 11, 1064-1075

Sall, Dana; Kinnear, Benjamin; Kelleher, Matthew; Warm, Eric J 2022. Effect of Bedside Compared With Outside the Room Patient Case Presentation on Patients' Knowledge About Their Medical Care. Annals of internal medicine, 175 1, W1

Schauer, Daniel P; Kinnear, Benjamin; Kelleher, Matthew; Sall, Dana; Schumacher, Daniel J; Warm, Eric J 2022. Developing the Expected Entrustment Score: Accounting for Variation in Resident Assessment. Journal of general internal medicine, 37 14, 3670-3675

Schumacher, Daniel J; Michelson, Catherine; Winn, Ariel S; Turner, David A; Elshoff, Ethan; Kinnear, Benjamin 2022. Making prospective entrustment decisions: Knowing limits, seeking help and defaulting. Medical education, 56 9, 892-900

Schumacher, Daniel J; Teunissen, Pim W; Kinnear, Benjamin; Driessen, Erik W 2022. Assessing trainee performance: ensuring learner control, supporting development, and maximizing assessment moments. European journal of pediatrics, 181 2, 435-439

Warm, Eric J; Carraccio, Carol; Kelleher, Matthew; Kinnear, Benjamin; Schumacher, Daniel J; Santen, Sally 2022. The education passport: connecting programmatic assessment across learning and practice. Canadian medical education journal, 13 4, 82-91

Warm, Eric J; Kinnear, Benjamin; Lance, Samuel; Schauer, Daniel P; Brenner, Judith 2022. What Behaviors Define a Good Physician? Assessing and Communicating About Noncognitive Skills. Academic medicine : journal of the Association of American Medical Colleges, 97 2, 193-199

Weber, Danielle E; Held, Justin D; Jandarov, Roman A; Kelleher, Matthew; Kinnear, Benjamin; Sall, Dana R; O'Toole, Jennifer K 2022. Improving trainee clinical documentation through a novel curriculum in internal medicine. Journal of hospital medicine, 17 1, 28-35

Caretta-Weyer, Holly A; Chan, Teresa; Bigham, Blair L; Kinnear, Benjamin; Huwendiek, Sören; Schumacher, Daniel J 2021. If we could turn back time: Imagining time-variable, competency-based medical education in the context of COVID-19. Medical teacher, 43 7, 774-779

Hall, Andrew K; Schumacher, Daniel J; Thoma, Brent; Caretta-Weyer, Holly; Kinnear, Benjamin; Gruppen, Larry; Cooke, Lara J; Frank, Jason R; Van Melle, Elaine 2021. Outcomes of competency-based medical education: A taxonomy for shared language. Medical teacher, 43 7, 788-793

Hauer, Karen E; Edgar, Laura; Hogan, Sean O; Kinnear, Benjamin; Warm, Eric 2021. The Science of Effective Group Process: Lessons for Clinical Competency Committees. Journal of graduate medical education, 13 2 Suppl, 59-64

Kelleher, Matthew; Kinnear, Benjamin; Sall, Dana R; Weber, Danielle E; DeCoursey, Bailey; Nelson, Jennifer; Klein, Melissa; Warm, Eric J; Schumacher, Daniel J 2021. Warnings in early narrative assessment that might predict performance in residency: signal from an internal medicine residency program. Perspectives on medical education, 10 6, 334-340

Kinnear, Benjamin; Kelleher, Matthew; May, Brian; Sall, Dana; Schauer, Daniel P; Schumacher, Daniel J; Warm, Eric J 2021. Constructing a Validity Map for a Workplace-Based Assessment System: Cross-Walking Messick and Kane. Academic medicine : journal of the Association of American Medical Colleges, 96 7S, S64-S69

Kinnear, Benjamin; Kelleher, Matthew; Sall, Dana; Schauer, Daniel P; Warm, Eric J; Kachelmeyer, Andrea; Martini, Abigail; Schumacher, Daniel J 2021. Development of Resident-Sensitive Quality Measures for Inpatient General Internal Medicine. Journal of general internal medicine, 36 5, 1271-1278

Kinnear, Benjamin; Srinivas, Nivedita; Jerardi, Karen 2021. Striking While the Iron Is Hot: Using the Updated PHM Competencies in Time-Variable Training. Journal of hospital medicine, 16 4, 251-253

Kinnear, Benjamin; Warm, Eric J; Caretta-Weyer, Holly; Holmboe, Eric S; Turner, David A; van der Vleuten, Cees; Schumacher, Daniel J 2021. Entrustment Unpacked: Aligning Purposes, Stakes, and Processes to Enhance Learner Assessment. Academic medicine : journal of the Association of American Medical Colleges, 96 7S, S56-S63

Kinnear, Benjamin; Zhou, Christine; Kinnear, Bradley; Carraccio, Carol; Schumacher, Daniel J 2021. Professional Identity Formation During the COVID-19 Pandemic. Journal of hospital medicine, 16 1, 44-46

Richardson, Denyse; Kinnear, Benjamin; Hauer, Karen E; Turner, Teri L; Warm, Eric J; Hall, Andrew K; Ross, Shelley; Thoma, Brent; Van Melle, Elaine 2021. Growth mindset in competency-based medical education. Medical teacher, 43 7, 751-757

Sall, Dana; Warm, Eric J; Kinnear, Benjamin; Kelleher, Matthew; Jandarov, Roman; O'Toole, Jennifer 2021. In Reply to Wayne et al. Journal of general internal medicine, 36 6, 1795-1796

Sall, Dana; Warm, Eric J; Kinnear, Benjamin; Kelleher, Matthew; Jandarov, Roman; O'Toole, Jennifer 2021. See One, Do One, Forget One: Early Skill Decay After Paracentesis Training. Journal of general internal medicine, 36 5, 1346-1351

Schumacher, Daniel J; Caretta-Weyer, Holly; Busari, Jamiu; Carraccio, Carol; Damodaran, Arvin; Gruppen, Larry D; Hall, Andrew K; Kinnear, Benjamin; Warm, Eric; Ten Cate, Olle 2021. Competency-based time-variable training internationally: Ensuring practical next steps in the wake of the COVID-19 pandemic. Medical teacher, 43 7, 810-816

Schumacher, Daniel J; Martini, Abigail; Kinnear, Benjamin; Kelleher, Matthew; Balmer, Dorene F; Wurster-Ovalle, Victoria; Carraccio, Carol 2021. Facilitators and Inhibitors to Assessing Entrustable Professional Activities in Pediatric Residency. Academic pediatrics, 21 4, 735-741

Sosa, Tina; Kinnear, Benjamin; Choe, Angela Y; Geha, Rabih; Haslam, David B; Weiss, Pamela F; Parker, Michelle W 2021. Caught in the Hotbox. Journal of hospital medicine, 16 5, 304-307

Touchie, Claire; Kinnear, Benjamin; Schumacher, Daniel; Caretta-Weyer, Holly; Hamstra, Stanley J; Hart, Danielle; Gruppen, Larry; Ross, Shelley; Warm, Eric; Ten Cate, Olle 2021. On the validity of summative entrustment decisions. Medical teacher, 43 7, 780-787

Van Melle, Elaine; Hall, Andrew K; Schumacher, Daniel J; Kinnear, Benjamin; Gruppen, Larry; Thoma, Brent; Caretta-Weyer, Holly; Cooke, Lara J; Frank, Jason R 2021. Capturing outcomes of competency-based medical education: The call and the challenge. Medical teacher, 43 7, 794-800

Warm, Eric J; Ahmad, Yousef; Kinnear, Benjamin; Kelleher, Matthew; Sall, Dana; Wells, Andrew; Barach, Paul 2021. A Dynamic Risk Management Approach for Reducing Harm From Invasive Bedside Procedures Performed During Residency. Academic medicine : journal of the Association of American Medical Colleges, 96 9, 1268-1275

Warm, Eric J; Kinnear, Benjamin; Pereira, Anne; Hirsh, David A 2021. The Residency Match: Escaping the Prisoner's Dilemma. Journal of graduate medical education, 13 5, 616-625

Kelleher, Matthew; Kinnear, Benjamin; Olson, Andrew 2020. Clinical Progress Note: Point-of-Care Ultrasound in the Evaluation of the Dyspneic Adult. Journal of hospital medicine, 15 3, 173-175

Kelleher, Matthew; Kinnear, Benjamin; Sall, Dana; Schumacher, Daniel; Schauer, Daniel P; Warm, Eric J; Kelcey, Ben 2020. A Reliability Analysis of Entrustment-Derived Workplace-Based Assessments. Academic medicine : journal of the Association of American Medical Colleges, 95 4, 616-622

Kelleher, Matthew; Kinnear, Benjamin; Wong, Sue E Poynter; O'Toole, Jennifer; Warm, Eric 2020. Linking Workplace-Based Assessment to ACGME Milestones: A Comparison of Mapping Strategies in Two Specialties. Teaching and learning in medicine, 32 2, 194-203

Kinnear, Benjamin; Applegate, Leslie; Kelleher, Matthew; Schumacher, Daniel J; Warm, Eric J 2020. Taking the Lid Off Learner Cognition in 2030: Measuring Competence in Nonprocedural Specialties Using Brain-Computer Interfaces. Journal of graduate medical education, 12 3, 361-362

Kinnear, Benjamin; Kelleher, Matthew; Chorny, Valeriy 2020. Clinical Progress Note: Point-of-Care Ultrasound for the Pediatric Hospitalist. Journal of hospital medicine, 15 3, 170-172

Kinnear, Benjamin; Kelleher, Matthew; Olson, Andrew Pj; Sall, Dana; Schumacher, Daniel J 2020. Developing Trust With Early Medical School Graduates During the COVID-19 Pandemic. Journal of hospital medicine, 15 6, 367-369

Kinnear, Benjamin; Kelleher, Matthew; Sall, Dana; Schumacher, Daniel J; Warm, Eric J 2020. When I say … the wisdom of crowds. Medical education, 54 6, 502-503

Moss, Stephanie R; Jenkins, Ashley M; Caldwell, Alicia K; Herbst, Brian F; Kelleher, Matthew E; Kinnear, Benjamin; Ambroggio, Lilliam; Herbst, Lori A; Chima, Ranjit S; O'Toole, Jennifer K 2020. Risk Factors for the Development of Hospital-Associated Venous Thromboembolism in Adult Patients Admitted to a Children's Hospital. Hospital pediatrics, 10 2, 166-172

Schumacher, Daniel J; Dornoff, Eric; Carraccio, Carol; Busari, Jamiu; van der Vleuten, Cees; Kinnear, Benjamin; Kelleher, Matthew; Sall, Dana R; Warm, Eric; Martini, Abigail; Holmboe, Eric 2020. The Power of Contribution and Attribution in Assessing Educational Outcomes for Individuals, Teams, and Programs. Academic medicine : journal of the Association of American Medical Colleges, 95 7, 1014-1019

Schumacher, Daniel J; Kinnear, Benjamin 2020. Is the proof in the PUDding? Reflections on previously undocumented data (PUD) in clinical competency committees. Perspectives on medical education, 9 5, 269-271

Warm, Eric J; Kinnear, Benjamin; Kelleher, Matthew; Sall, Dana; Schauer, Daniel P; Friedstrom, Scott 2020. Variation in Entrustment When Sharing a Single Assessment System Between University- and Community-Based Residency Programs: A Comparison. Academic medicine : journal of the Association of American Medical Colleges, 95 4, 590-598

Weber, Danielle E; Held, Justin D; Jandarov, Roman A; Kelleher, Matthew; Kinnear, Ben; Sall, Dana; O'Toole, Jennifer K 2020. Development and Establishment of Initial Validity Evidence for a Novel Tool for Assessing Trainee Admission Notes. Journal of general internal medicine, 35 4, 1078-1083

Fischer, Ernest A; Kinnear, Benjamin; Sall, Dana; Kelleher, Matthew; Sanchez, Otto; Mathews, Benji; Schnobrich, Daniel; Olson, Andrew P J 2019. Hospitalist-Operated Compression Ultrasonography: a Point-of-Care Ultrasound Study (HOCUS-POCUS). Journal of general internal medicine, 34 10, 2062-2067

Kinnear, Benjamin; Hagedorn, Philip A; Kelleher, Matthew; Ohlinger, Courtney; Tolentino, Jonathan 2019. Integrating Bayesian reasoning into medical education using smartphone apps. Diagnosis (Berlin, Germany), 6 2, 85-89

Kinnear, Benjamin; Warm, Eric J 2019. Leadership & Professional Development: Get to the "Both/And". Journal of hospital medicine, 14 12, 761

Schumacher, Daniel J; Wu, Danny T Y; Meganathan, Karthikeyan; Li, Lezhi; Kinnear, Benjamin; Sall, Dana R; Holmboe, Eric; Carraccio, Carol; van der Vleuten, Cees; Busari, Jamiu; Kelleher, Matthew; Schauer, Daniel; Warm, Eric 2019. A Feasibility Study to Attribute Patients to Primary Interns on Inpatient Ward Teams Using Electronic Health Record Data. Academic medicine : journal of the Association of American Medical Colleges, 94 9, 1376-1383

Warm, Eric J; Kinnear, Benjamin 2019. What Can the Giant Do? Defining the Path to Unsupervised Primary Care Practice by Competence, Not Time. Academic medicine : journal of the Association of American Medical Colleges, 94 7, 937-939

Warm, Eric J; Kinnear, Benjamin; Kelleher, Matthew; Sall, Dana; Holmboe, Eric 2019. In Reply to Donato and Paladugu. Academic medicine : journal of the Association of American Medical Colleges, 94 8, 1064-1065

Warm, Eric J; Kinnear, Benjamin; Kelleher, Matthew; Sall, Dana; Holmboe, Eric 2019. Transforming Resident Assessment: An Analysis Using Deming's System of Profound Knowledge. Academic medicine : journal of the Association of American Medical Colleges, 94 2, 195-201

Kinnear, Benjamin; Warm, Eric J; Hauer, Karen E 2018. Twelve tips to maximize the value of a clinical competency committee in postgraduate medical education. Medical teacher, , 1-6

Sall, Dana; Wigger, Gregory W; Kinnear, Benjamin; Kelleher, Matthew; Warm, Eric; O'Toole, Jennifer K 2018. Paracentesis Simulation: A Comprehensive Approach to Procedural Education. MedEdPORTAL : the journal of teaching and learning resources, 14 , 10747

Warm EJ, Kinnear B, Kelleher M, Sall D, Holmboe E. 2018. Using Deming's System of Profound Knowledge to Transform Resident Assessment Academic Medicine, ,

Warm, Eric; Kelleher, Matthew; Kinnear, Benjamin; Sall, Dana 2018. Feedback on Feedback as a Faculty Development Tool. Journal of graduate medical education, 10 3, 354-355

Wigger G, Kelleher M, Kinnear B, O'Toole J, Warm EJ, Sall D 2018. Paracentesis Simulation: A Comprehensive Approach to Procedural Education MedEdPortal, ,

Conway-Habes, Erin E; Herbst, Brian F; Herbst, Lori A; Kinnear, Benjamin; Timmons, Kristen; Horewitz, Deborah; Falgout, Rachel; O'Toole, Jennifer K; Vossmeyer, Michael 2017. Using Quality Improvement to Introduce and Standardize the National Early Warning Score (NEWS) for Adult Inpatients at a Children's Hospital. Hospital pediatrics, 7 3, 156-163

Kinnear, Benjamin; Bensman, Rachel; Held, Justin; O'Toole, Jennifer; Schauer, Daniel; Warm, Eric 2017. Critical Deficiency Ratings in Milestone Assessment: A Review and Case Study. Academic medicine : journal of the Association of American Medical Colleges, 92 6, 820-826

Warm, Eric J; Held, Justin D; Hellmann, Michael; Kelleher, Matthew; Kinnear, Benjamin; Lee, Caroline; O'Toole, Jennifer K; Mathis, Bradley; Mueller, Caroline; Sall, Dana; Tolentino, Jonathan; Schauer, Daniel P 2016. Entrusting Observable Practice Activities and Milestones Over the 36 Months of an Internal Medicine Residency. Academic medicine : journal of the Association of American Medical Colleges, 91 10, 1398-1405

Kinnear, Benjamin; O'Toole, Jennifer K 2015. Care of Adults in Children's Hospitals: Acknowledging the Aging Elephant in the Room. JAMA pediatrics, 169 12, 1081-2